Essays in the History of Canadian Law, Volume VIII: In Honour of R.C.B. Risk
edited by G. Blaine Baker & Jim Phillips. Published with the University of Toronto Press, 1999.
Collections of essays are usually organised around a particular theme. This book, which represents Canadian legal historians’ tribute to Professor Dick Risk, is, at first glance, something of an exception to that practice. The essays here cover subjects which range from the form of the criminal trial in the eighteenth century, to debates over the meaning of property in the nineteenth, to lawyer and poet Tom McInnes’ views on the law of aboriginal title in the early twentieth. In an important sense, however, there is a theme here, that of recognition of the scholarship and teaching of a pioneer in the field of Canadian legal history, a man who for many years has been the subject’s best-known voice and who was, for a time, its only serious practitioner.After graduating from the University of Toronto Law School (1959), receiving his call to the bar (1961), and attending Harvard Law School for graduate work (1962), Professor Risk joined the Faculty of Law at Toronto in 1962. His first few years as an academic saw him writing principally about real estate law, and in later years he became one of the country’s leading administrative law scholars. But it has always been legal history that most engaged and excited him. He taught his first course in the area in 1964, and has been teaching at least one a year ever since. His first major publication in the field was in 1973, and he has been publishing regularly ever since; Blaine Baker’s review of Professor Risk’s work in this volume charts the changes in interest and emphasis that have occurred during that time. On retirement he is continuing his work on the history of constitutional thought in Canada. We are fortunate that Professors Baker and Phillips have together conceived and carried through this volume in honour of their colleague. They are both very familiar with Professor Risk’s teaching and scholarship. Blaine Baker has been a long-time colleague and collaborator, and Jim Phillips describes himself as the University of Toronto Law School’s “other” legal historian. It is not surprising, therefore, that they should have come up with the idea of a festschrift for Dick Risk, and the Society thanks them both for that idea and for all the work they have done in putting this volume together. It is equally unsurprising that they were able to generate an enthusiastic response from the authors of the essays who make up the volume. That enthusiasm has resulted in fifteen original essays written by well-known legal scholars (and one practising lawyer), some of whom were students of Professor Risk. The essays are representative of work on the cutting edge of Canadian legal historical scholarship, and collectively make an excellent tribute to Professor Risk, one which the Society is delighted to be able to publish.
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Contents
Contents
FOREWORD ix
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xi
SPECIAL ACKNOWLEDGMENT xiii
CONTRIBUTORS xv
1 Richard C.B. Risk: A Tribute
ROBERT W. GORDON AND DAVID SUGARMAN 3
2 R.C.B. Risk’s Canadian Legal History
G. BLAINE BAKER 17
3 ‘Your Conscience Will Be Your Own Punishment’: The Racially
Motivated Murder of Gus Ninham, Ontario, 1902
CONSTANCE BACKHOUSE 61
4 Ontario Water Quality, Public Health, and the Law, 1880-1930
JAMIE BENIDICKSON 115
5 ‘The Modern Spirit of the Law’: Blake, Mowat, and the Breaches
of Contract Act, 1877
PAUL CRAVEN 142
6 A Romance of the Lost: The Role of Tom MacInnes in the
History of the British Columbia Indian Land Question
HAMAR FOSTER 171
7 Taking Litigation Seriously: The Market Wharf Controversy at
Halifax, 1785-1820
PHILIP GIRARD 213
8 ‘Our Arctic Brethren’: Canadian Law and Lawyers as Portrayed
in American Legal Periodicals, 1829-1911
BERNARD J. HIBBITTS 241
9 Conservative Insurrection: Great Strikes and Deep Law in
Cleveland, Ohio, and London, Ontario, 1898-1899
R.W. KOSTAL 281
10 Gooderham & Worts: A Case Study in Business Organization in
Nineteenth-Century Ontario
C. IAN KYER 335
11 The Sacred Rights of Property: Title, Entitlement, and the
Land Question in Nineteenth-Century Prince Edward Island
MARGARET E. McCALLUM 358
12 Race and the Criminal Justice System in British Columbia,
1892-1920: Constructing Chinese Crimes
JOHN McLAREN 398
13 Power, Politics, and the Law: The Place of the Judiciary in the
Historiography of Upper Canada
PETER OLIVER 443
14 The Criminal Trial in Nova Scotia, 1749-1815
JIM PHILLIPS 469
15 ‘The Disquisitions of Learned Judges’: Making Manitoba Lawyers,
1885-1931
W. WESLEY PUE 512
16 The Law of Evolution and the Evolution of the Law: Mills,
Darwin, and Late-Nineteenth-Century Legal Thought
ROBERT VIPOND AND GEORGINA FELDBERG 561
R.C.B. Risk Bibliography 583
Publications of The Osgoode Society 587
Reviews
Well-conceived and well-executed studies which should be of great interest....We are reminded of the interdisciplinary reach and continuing relevance of the best legal history.... The collection as a whole reflects the pluralism and the maturity of Canadian scholarship in the field. It stands as a splendid tribute to Risk and to the important role that he has played in the emergence of the 'new' Canadian legal history. Barry Wright, Osgoode Hall Law Journal, Vol 39, 2001, p. 249.
This handsome book, celebrating a distinguished academic career, is another milestone in the study of Canadian legal history. Michael Taggart, University of Toronto Law Journal, Vol 51, 2001, p. 188.
This collection, much of which represents work by Risk's former students and colleagues, underscores the diversity and vibrancy which now characterizes Canadian legal history scholarship. William Laurence, Canadian Law Libraries, Vol 25, 2000, p. 66.
Delloyd J. Guth, UBC Law Review, Vol 35, 2002, p. 555.
Greg Marquis, Journal of Canadian Studies, Vol 38, , p.
Kenneth C. Mackenzie, The Advocate, Vol 59, 2001, p. 129.